Primers, Impregnations

Epoxy primer is a type of coating based on epoxy resin.

It is used to prepare surfaces before applying finishing coatings, as it has excellent adhesion properties, heat resistance, and chemical resistance.

Epoxy primers are used to protect and prepare surfaces before applying a final coating.

Classification of primers

1. By composition

• Epoxy – two-component (base + hardener), providing high adhesion and anticorrosive protection.
• Acrylic – fast-drying, compatible with acrylic paints.
• Alkyd – mainly used for metal surfaces, providing anticorrosive properties.
• Polyurethane – flexible, resistant to mechanical damage, often used for concrete and wood.
• Silicone – moisture-resistant, suitable for facade work.

2. By usage:

1. Corrosion protection – creates a strong barrier preventing moisture and chemical damage to metal surfaces.
2. Adhesion improvement – ensures better bonding of paints and varnishes to the base material.
3. Sealing porous surfaces – especially useful for concrete, wood, and other porous materials.
4. Mechanical strength – epoxy layer adds hardness, suitable for industrial and automotive coatings.
5. Chemical resistance – withstands exposure to aggressive substances like acids, oils, and solvents.

This type of primer is used in automotive, construction, industrial, and decorative coatings.

3. By base

Water-based – eco-friendly, safe for indoor use, fast drying.
Solvent-based – provide strong adhesion, suitable for exterior and industrial applications.

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4. By application method

Aerosol (spray primers) – for small parts, easy application.
Liquid (brush, roller) – versatile for large surfaces.
For spray gun – professional option for even coating.

Epoxy primers can be classified by composition, purpose, and properties.

Main types:

1. By number of components:

• One-component – ready to use, fast drying, but less durable.
• Two-component – consist of base and hardener, provide better adhesion and strength.

2. By purpose:

• Anticorrosive – contain anticorrosive additives, used to protect metal surfaces.
• Water-repellent – suitable for protecting concrete, wood, and other porous materials.
• Universal – suitable for various materials (metal, wood, concrete, plastic).

3. By special properties:

• High-viscosity – create a thick layer for extra protection.
• Fast-drying – reduce drying time and speed up further processing.
• Flexible – withstand mechanical loads and deformations well.
• Chemically resistant – used in industry to protect against acids, alkalis, and oils.

Advantages of epoxy primers:

• High adhesion to various materials.
• Durability and wear resistance.
• Excellent protection against moisture, chemicals, and mechanical damage.
• Can be applied to a wide range of surfaces.

Applications:

• Construction – priming concrete floors, facades, and other structures.
• Automotive industry – anticorrosive protection and improved paint adhesion.
• Furniture industry – preparing wooden and metal products for finishing coatings.
• Industry – protection of equipment, metal structures, and tanks from corrosion.
• Floor coatings – creating durable, long-lasting, and chemically resistant coverings.

Epoxy primer application technology:

1. Surface preparation – cleaning from dust, grease, rust, old coatings; sanding or sandblasting if needed.
2. Priming porous bases – for porous materials (concrete, wood) pre-priming may be required to improve adhesion.
3. Mixing components – for two-component primers, thoroughly mix base and hardener according to manufacturer’s instructions.
4. Application – can use brush, roller, or spray depending on surface type and conditions.
5. Drying time – depends on temperature and humidity, usually 4 to 24 hours.
6. Sanding and reapplication (if needed) – for multiple layers or to achieve perfect smoothness.

Epoxy primers are widely used in various industries due to their unique properties and reliable surface protection.